A auditing as a profession, it has achieved vast evolution in the market, performing services that comprise several activities as a process to obtain evidence that proves the adequacy of a company's activities.
Although the focus of auditing external company presents itself in the financial area, it is currently possible to extend its function to different sectors and business segments.
The term auditor originates from the Latin, which means “listener”. Sá (2002) says that "The denomination Auditor is old, but its origin is not known for sure, nor the precise date on which it was consecrated, admitting that it could have been adopted around the XNUMXth century, in England, in the reign of Edward I, the term auditor in Latin, has the meaning of one who hears or hearer".
It was during the evolution of capitalism that auditing external service began as a service. The companies were no longer exclusively family-owned and many competitions appeared, factors that forced them to expand their businesses to support the market at the time.
In the second half of the XNUMXth century, the Industrial Revolution motivated the creation of new guidelines for accounting and auditing external market, which increased the importance of financial statements as a safety factor for investors. That's because they began to require that records be examined by an independent professional.
The primary condition of the work of the auditing external is independence. The auditor must be independent and impartial in interpreting the records and exercising judgment. Therefore, the auditor's work needs to be adequate to the standards of auditing and techniques applicable to the exercise of its function.
In Brazil, auditing
external issued certificates of Audit
as a product of the accounting review, but from 1949 onwards, internal control was stipulated as the basis for the auditor's work and this Certificate was replaced by the Auditor's Opinion, adopted until today, although with updated auditing standards.
A auditing
The foreign market gained more space in 1965, through Law No. 4.728, which regulated the capital market. It was when Brazilian legislation first mentioned the expression “independent audit”. Then the Central Bank of Brazil made mandatory the auditing
for almost all the institutions that make up the National Financial System and public companies.
From there to the present day, remarkable changes were made in the profession, which has been conquering great space in the market. Today, we live in the moment of audits and the external audit, through its work, seeks to add not only security and credibility to companies, but also better control and greater business knowledge to assist in business planning.